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Effects of Transforming Growth Factor and Insulinlike Growth Factor 1 on the Biomechanical and Histologic Properties of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage

Brian A. Kaplan, MD; Christopher R. Gorman, BS; Atul K. Gupta, BS; S. Ray Taylor, PhD; Julia C. Iezzoni, MD; Stephen S. Park, MD

Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2003;5:96-101.

Objective  To investigate the histologic and biomechanical properties of rabbit tissue-engineered cartilage exposed to insulinlike growth factor 1 and transforming growth factor .

Design  Controlled study.

Subjects  New Zealand white rabbits aged 3 to 4 weeks.

Intervention  A mean of 3.42 million rabbit chondrocytes were placed onto 2 x 1-cm polyglycolic/poly-L-lactic acid mesh templates. One group (n = 21) was placed in complete medium for 4 days. The experimental group (n = 19) was placed into complete medium with insulinlike growth factor 1 (50 ng/mL) and transforming growth factor (1 ng/mL). After 96 hours the templates were removed and implanted into the dorsum of the donor rabbit. The templates were harvested after 8 weeks and subjected to gross, histologic, and biomechanical testing.

Results  All samples showed histologic characteristics consistent with normal cartilage. No statistically significant differences were found with biomechanical testing between the control and experimental groups.

Conclusion  In spite of more promising results from earlier studies, these results do not support improved histologic features or mechanical performance with the addition of insulinlike growth factor 1 and transforming growth factor to the chondrocyte/template complex.

From the Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery (Drs Kaplan and Park), School of Medicine (Messrs Gorman and Gupta), Department of Material Science (Dr Taylor), and Department of Pathology (Dr Iezzoni), University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville.

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